Eamonn O'Brien-Strain

LinkedIn

While scanning through the The IIIP Innovation Confidence Index 2008 Report published today by the The Institute for Innovation & Information Productivity I noticed one surprising finding that is illustrated in Figure 6 of the report.

Figure 6 Relationship between national community values and Innovation Confidence for 22 nations

They found that people in countries whose values are more “traditional” are more open to innovation than people from countries whose values are more “rational” and “secular”.

(Openness to innovation was measured by people's responses to questions on whether they would buy products or services that are new to the market or that use new technologies, and whether they expect those products and services to improve their lives.)

This finding is so surprising to me that I wonder is there some independent confirmation from another study.

One thing that confused me when I learned science in high school was the connection between the spectrum of colors as seen in a rainbow, and the three primary colors. In case anyone else is confused here is my simple explanation.

While light, as you probably know, is composed of a mixture of colors as seen in a rainbow or when light refracts through a glass prism. spectrum There is a continuous range of these spectral colors, corresponding to a range of wavelengths of light from 0.00038 millimeters to 0.00075 millimeters. When white light falls on some surface and bounces off, the surface reflects different wavelengths by different amounts, we perceive the net result as some color. Therefore, to fully characterize such a color you would have to measure the amount that each wavelength is reflected. Depending on how accurate you want to be this would take many numbers, measuring how much each wavelength is reflected.

So how do we go from characterizing colors by many numbers to characterizing it as just three numbers? It turns out that the primary colors are not some property of light. Rather they are a result of how our eyes work. We have three types of color-sensing cell in our eye, each of which responds to a particular range of wavelength in respectively the red, green, and blue area of the spectrum. Our brains then combine these three basic signals to form our perception of colors.

This is clearest in how red mixes with green to form the color that is in between them on the spectrum, namely yellow.

Similarly green and blue form cyan, though it is a little hard to tell that it is in between the two primaries on the spectrum.

The really odd one is what you get when you mix blue and red. These colors are not next to each other, so the result magenta is not a color that is on the spectrum.

Note that the human primary color model would not work for many other animals. While most primates like us have the three types of color cells in their eyes, most other mammals have only two types of color cell, while many birds, reptiles, and fish have four (or maybe more) types of color cells.

Did the aftermath of 9/11 attacks result in fewer people being imprisoned for public order offenses?

I happened across interesting graph on a page on the US Department of Justice Web Site. This is of course interesting for many reasons that are already well known, such as the huge increase in prison population and the particular large percentage increase in people imprisoned for drug offenses in the late 80's and early 90's.

But there was one unexpected thing I noticed: a precipitous decline from 2001 to 2002 in the number of prisoners imprisoned for public order offenses, which include “weapons, drunk driving, escape/flight to avoid prosecution, court offenses, obstruction, commercialized vice, morals and decency charges, liquor law violations”. This is more apparent in the graph showing the year-over-year change:

So what happened between 2001 and 2002?

My first thought was that it was something to do with the 9/11 attacks and their aftermath. Perhaps the surge of patriotism caused people to be better behaved, resulting in fewer public order offenses. Or perhaps the increased military recruiting had swept up people who committed, or would have committed, public order offenses.

But then I showed the first graph to my wife, and she immediately proposed that the first thing to be suspicious of was whether there had been a change in the way offenses were classified. She sees that kind of thing all the time in the data she works with.

Eventually I found a Q&A; on Ask MetaFilter discussing this issue. Several of the postings there also proposed that the classification has changed, and indeed the third graph below shows that the count of people in prison for other offenses had a significant increase in that same year.

So, it seems likely that this is not such an interesting phenomena after all, just a statistical artifact.

I am temporarily putting on a marketing hat and creating a product requirement document (PRD). My first step was to create a template based on a skeleton in a Wikipedia article, together with some valuable details from my colleague Chris. I attempted to make it a bit more “agile” by using “user stories” instead of “features” for the functional specification.

As I fill in this template, I suspect I will need to make some changes. But here is what I have so far.

[product name] Product Requirements

This document describes the requirements of [...] without regard to implementation.

Purpose and scope

[what is the problem we are solving?]

[product concept]

Technical

Business Objective

[how much money/profit will we make]

[how much resources will this take]

[how does this fit into strategic roadmap/company goals]

Stakeholder identification

[partner interactions]

Market assessment and target demographics

[market and/or product problem]

[target market]

[Internationalization requirements]

[user profile][customer profile]

[branding]

[what is competition doing in this space]

[how can we differentiate/compete ... what is the future] [is it “me too”]

[Actual text to be used in marketing]

[How to sell ... marketing plan]

Product overview and user scenarios

[how the user is going to interact and why]

Assumptions and External Dependencies

Requirements

functional requirements

[what product should do]

[prioritized user stories ... best bang for the buck ... difficulty vs. quality vs. time to implement]

ID Priority User Story (Card) Conversation Confirmation

** FOO ** MUST ... FooConversation? FooTest?

** BAR ** SHOULD ... BarConversation? BarTest?

** BAZ ** MAY ... BazConversation? BazTest?

usability requirements

[Actual help text to be provided]

technical requirements

[technology problem] [what technology do we require]

[what technology is best in class to solve the problem — how to measure — is it best for our user in ease of use, time of execution, repeatability stability, quality]

[security] [privacy]

[network — HTTP, HTTPS?, SMTP?]

[platform] [coding language]

[integration] [related features/site interactions]

[client — which versions of what browsers? screen size? mobile?]

[future upgrades] [extensibility]

environmental requirements

support requirements

[customer service]

interaction requirements

how the software should work with other systems

[legal impact]

[actual text of terms of service]

[actual text of privacy policy]

Constraints

Workflow plans, timelines and milestones

[Steps/phases and rollout plan]

[undo plan]

[operations impact]

[financial impact]

Evaluation plan and performance metrics

[Define the goal. How will this be measured? What is success?]

[performance]

Revision History

Date Revision Change By Whom

... 1 Template copied Eamonn


date: '2009-01-05 23:05:38' layout: post slug: spash-iceberg-calving-off-glacier status: publish ref: http://www.flickr.com/photos/eob/3142879795/ title: Spash! — Iceberg calving off glacier. wordpressid: '343' categories: Travel image: http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3201/3142879795e64f32dcbd_m.jpg image-text: Flickr photo


Spash! — Iceberg calving off glacier., originally uploaded by Tolka Rover.

The splash of a new iceberg falling off a glacier in Glacier Bay, Alaska.


date: '2009-01-02 23:18:02' layout: post slug: where-the-freeway-tentacles-have-withdrawn-from-san-francisco status: publish ref: http://www.flickr.com/photos/eob/3161098473/ title: Where the freeway tentacles have withdrawn from San Francisco wordpressid: '340' categories: SF image: http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3111/3161098473059de6341f_m.jpg image-text: Flickr photo


Where the freeway tentacles have withdrawn from San Francisco, originally uploaded by Tolka Rover.

San Francisco in 1991 showing the Embarkadero Skyway and several other stretches of elevated freeway that have since been torn down.

I love maps, and tend to be a bit of a pack rat. But today I decided that in this age of maps on phonea and GPS satnav devices there was no longer any justification in hanging on to the maps I uspreviouslyed kept in my car for navigation. So I tossed them all into the recycling bin.

But, before doing so I noticed this map from 1991, before I lived in San Francisco. It is interesting to see what has changed. In particular I noticed how there were three separate stretches of elevated freeway that are now torn down. In all three cases there are nice wide boulevards that are much more appealing for walking around than the shadowed underside of a looming highway structure.

Original map is © 1991 Thomas Bros Maps.


date: '2009-01-01 19:01:36' layout: post slug: rediscovering-audio-signal-processing status: publish title: Rediscovering Audio Signal Processing wordpress_id: '339' categories: Futzing


This Holiday Season our household acquired a tape deck with a USB connection. (Thanks B & J!) Now, finally we can convert some of our hundreds of old cassette tapes to MP3s.

The tape deck came with some allegedly easy-to-use recording software, but it seemed rather limited, so instead I used the excellent open source Audacity program.

It took a few iterations of trial and error before I found a satisfactory process. It is an inevitably slow business because the tapes have to play in real time. The post-processing is a bit laborious too. There is a “silence finder” that you can use to break the recording into tracks but it requires some fiddling with to get good results. And you have to add the track names manually as Audacity “labels” on a label track, with a UI that is rather clunky and slow.

Audacity has a noise removal capability in which you create a “noise profile” of a section that is meant to be silence, which you then use to remove noise from the entire recording. It seemed to work well on one recording, but on another one it produced nasty high-pitched warbling artifacts, presumably due to some kind of aliasing.

For one tape, I had the problem that it had originally been recorded with Dolby, but my tape player did not have Dolby playback. As a result, the unfiltered recording was too bright (high tones emphasized) and more noisy than it should have been at low volumes. Unfortunately, Audacity does not have a Dolby decoder, probably because of patents, so I had to approximate it by using the Audacity equalization filter, but that did not do the correct volume-dependent filtering.

All in all, despite some frustration it was fun to dive back into the kind of audio signal (1-D) processing that I had not done much of since college, though I have been doing quite a lot of work in the analogous worlds of image (2-D) and video (3-D) processing.

And now, I’m looking forward to listening to a lots of my old favorite music on my MP3 player.


date: '2009-01-04 22:29:22' layout: post slug: the-inherent-unpredictibility-of-the-future status: publish title: The inherent unpredictibility of the future wordpress_id: '341' categories: Society


I am three quarters way through reading Teleb's “The Black Swan”. What an interesting book! I knew from the reviews about the main thesis that history is dominated by unexpected high-impact events, which we later rationalize as fitting into some post hoc theory. However, there is also a lot of very interesting philosophical background that sent me off to Wikipedia to read more about “empiricism” versus “historicity”. Teleb's writing style is very informal, more like an after-dinner speech than a monograph — some might find it a little precious, but I found it quite amusing.


date: '2008-11-07 00:17:43' layout: post slug: sparks-fly-at-web-20-panel status: publish ref: http://www.irishnetworksanfrancisco.com/insf/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=38&Itemid=38 title: Sparks Fly at Web 2.0 Panel wordpress_id: '313' categories: Ireland


Well I could not go to the Web 2.0 Summit but, thanks to my Irish connections, I did get to attend one interesting event on the periphery, a panel discussion called “Web 2.0 in Action”.

Tom Foremski moderated the discussion very effectively. Unlike many panel discussions, it did not devolve into just a series of presentations, but rather there was a lot of good back-and-forth discussion.

Jason Devitt, CEO of Skydeck, an interesting start-up, was very impressive in his analysis of the telco and Internet landscape. He thinks that the election results will be good for openness based on his the relative positions of Obama and McCain on net neutrality.

Tom Costello, CEO of Cuil, the insurgent web search start-up, added a lot of spice to the proceedings with digs at Google and Yahoo. He considered Google’s support for net neutrality as just a gambit for transferring a monopoly stranglehold from the telcos to Google. He also was cynical about companies support for open standards as a “scorched earth” policy for areas that they decide not to compete in, denying competitors any profits in those areas.

Richard Alfonsi, in charge of the AdSense program, gamely defended Google against Costello’s sniping.

Jonathon Dillon, in charge of partnerships and acquisitions at Yahoo, admitted that all their acquisition activity had stopped because of their own acquisition battle with Microsoft. But now, they were back in the market, particularly looking for companies that can help them in display advertising.

Thanks to the Enterprise Ireland and the Irish Network of San Francisco for sponsoring this event and Hanson Bridget for hosting it.


date: '2008-07-08 18:52:45' layout: post slug: 7-automatic-improvements-to-your-photos-for-free status: publish ref: https://web.archive.org/web/20090301012922/http://www.communities.hp.com:80/online/blogs/labsblog/archive/2008/07/09/free-automatic-photo-enhancement.aspx title: 7 automatic improvements to your photos — for free wordpress_id: '296' categories: HP


Jamie Beckett at HP Labs has a blog entry on one of the Snapfish Lab tools which automatically applies seven proprietary enhancement algorithms to improve your photograph. See Jamie's article for more information.

(Disclosure: I was the architect for Snapfish Lab when it was launched, and still help out with it.)